Swine influenza is a virus that attacks the human immune system and causes serious secondary illnesses. In a few cases it can be fatal. This influenza gets its name from a type of flu virus that affects swine. Of course N1H1 influenza virus resembles that of the one that infects swine. The abbreviation H1N1 is the official name of the virus and comes from two proteins called hemaglutinin type 1 and neuraminidase type 1.
There was a misconception that human beings could contract swine flu via the intake of pork and whilst the name is derived from the animal itself, it is now known that properly cooked pork products are safe to be eaten.
Pig flu is transmitted from person to person just like any other type of flu. You can be infected from contaminated objects, virus particles in the room, contact with infected persons or their items. Because of this, it isn't enough to simply wear an N95 face mask alone - you should thoroughly wash your hands often so you do not pick up the virus. N1H1 can survive on clothing for over 12 hours and on firmer surfaces for up to 2 days. The usual emphasis on face masks is because you can avoid touching things but you cannot stop breathing the air that surrounds you.
If a person has pig influenza they will show the symptoms of seasonal influenza. They will have fever and sore throat. These folks may also not be able to breathe properly and may have a headache. In many cases, they will feel cold and may vomit.
For ems personnel in endemic areas or in areas where they will be working in close proximity with affected victims, a flu mask will provide the best protection from airborne contamination as it has tiny filters to sieve off the virus.
Since pig flu is principally spread through the air, overcrowding should be avoided in those areas where there are reported incidences. If you are not a part of the emergency response in these areas you should keep clear of such places.
There are many kinds of surgical face masks used to help prevent infection by the virus. The kind you get will depend on your particular situation and how familiar you are in wearing one. You can try to go for the design that has 2 straps for attachment to the head. There is another one with an adjustable nasal wire. There are yet others that have a long bill to enable you to breathe more easily. Another type has a pair of ear loops.
There are many ways to pig flu. The most common are with the use of antiviral medications such as Tamiflu. Many infected people are able to recover without the need for medication at all. Serious efforts are being made to try to develop a vaccination so that people can be protected effectively, but that is expected to take some time, as trials are ongoing.
In the unlikely event of pig flu virus epidemic, you should try to stay calm and keep yourself updated with government updates. Follow the instructions provided by local health officials and keep clear of crowded locations.